TensorFlow练习18: 根据姓名判断性别

本帖训练一个可以根据姓名判断性别的CNN模型；我使用自己爬取的35万中文姓名进行训练。

使用同样的数据集还可以训练起名字模型，参看：

准备姓名数据集

我上网找了一下，并没有找到现成的中文姓名数据集，额，看来只能自己动手了。

我写了一个简单的Python脚本，爬取了上万中文姓名，格式整理如下：

姓名,性别
安镶怡,女
饶黎明,男
段焙曦,男
苗芯萌,男
覃慧藐,女
芦玥微,女
苏佳琬,女
王旎溪,女
彭琛朗,男
李昊,男
利欣怡,女
# 貌似有很多名字男女通用

姓名,性别

安镶怡,女

饶黎明,男

段焙曦,男

苗芯萌,男

覃慧藐,女

芦玥微,女

苏佳琬,女

王旎溪,女

彭琛朗,男

李昊,男

利欣怡,女

# 貌似有很多名字男女通用

如果你需要这个数据集，可以使用邮件或微信联系我。

训练模型

import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np

name_dataset = 'name.csv'

train_x = []
train_y = []
with open(name_dataset, 'r') as f:
	first_line = True
	for line in f:
		if first_line is True:
			first_line = False
			continue
		sample = line.strip().split(',')
		if len(sample) == 2:
			train_x.append(sample[0])
			if sample[1] == '男':
				train_y.append([0, 1])  # 男
			else:
				train_y.append([1, 0])  # 女

max_name_length = max([len(name) for name in train_x])
print("最长名字的字符数: ", max_name_length)
max_name_length = 8

# 数据已shuffle
#shuffle_indices = np.random.permutation(np.arange(len(train_y)))
#train_x = train_x[shuffle_indices]
#train_y = train_y[shuffle_indices]

# 词汇表（参看聊天机器人练习）
counter = 0
vocabulary = {}
for name in train_x:
	counter += 1
	tokens = [word for word in name]
	for word in tokens:
		if word in vocabulary:
			vocabulary[word] += 1
		else:
			vocabulary[word] = 1

vocabulary_list = [' '] + sorted(vocabulary, key=vocabulary.get, reverse=True)
print(len(vocabulary_list))

# 字符串转为向量形式
vocab = dict([(x, y) for (y, x) in enumerate(vocabulary_list)])
train_x_vec = []
for name in train_x:
	name_vec = []
	for word in name:
		name_vec.append(vocab.get(word))
	while len(name_vec) < max_name_length:
		name_vec.append(0)
	train_x_vec.append(name_vec)

#######################################################

input_size = max_name_length
num_classes = 2

batch_size = 64
num_batch = len(train_x_vec) // batch_size

X = tf.placeholder(tf.int32, [None, input_size])
Y = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, num_classes])

dropout_keep_prob = tf.placeholder(tf.float32)

def neural_network(vocabulary_size, embedding_size=128, num_filters=128):
	# embedding layer
	with tf.device('/cpu:0'), tf.name_scope("embedding"):
		W = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([vocabulary_size, embedding_size], -1.0, 1.0))
		embedded_chars = tf.nn.embedding_lookup(W, X)
		embedded_chars_expanded = tf.expand_dims(embedded_chars, -1)
	# convolution + maxpool layer
	filter_sizes = [3,4,5]
	pooled_outputs = []
	for i, filter_size in enumerate(filter_sizes):
		with tf.name_scope("conv-maxpool-%s" % filter_size):
			filter_shape = [filter_size, embedding_size, 1, num_filters]
			W = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal(filter_shape, stddev=0.1))
			b = tf.Variable(tf.constant(0.1, shape=[num_filters]))
			conv = tf.nn.conv2d(embedded_chars_expanded, W, strides=[1, 1, 1, 1], padding="VALID")
			h = tf.nn.relu(tf.nn.bias_add(conv, b))
			pooled = tf.nn.max_pool(h, ksize=[1, input_size - filter_size + 1, 1, 1], strides=[1, 1, 1, 1], padding='VALID')
			pooled_outputs.append(pooled)

	num_filters_total = num_filters * len(filter_sizes)
	h_pool = tf.concat(3, pooled_outputs)
	h_pool_flat = tf.reshape(h_pool, [-1, num_filters_total])
	# dropout
	with tf.name_scope("dropout"):
		h_drop = tf.nn.dropout(h_pool_flat, dropout_keep_prob)
	# output
	with tf.name_scope("output"):
		W = tf.get_variable("W", shape=[num_filters_total, num_classes], initializer=tf.contrib.layers.xavier_initializer())
		b = tf.Variable(tf.constant(0.1, shape=[num_classes]))
		output = tf.nn.xw_plus_b(h_drop, W, b)
		
	return output
# 训练
def train_neural_network():
	output = neural_network(len(vocabulary_list))

	optimizer = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(1e-3)
	loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(output, Y))
	grads_and_vars = optimizer.compute_gradients(loss)
	train_op = optimizer.apply_gradients(grads_and_vars)

	saver = tf.train.Saver(tf.global_variables())
	with tf.Session() as sess:
		sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())

		for e in range(201):
			for i in range(num_batch):
				batch_x = train_x_vec[i*batch_size : (i+1)*batch_size]
				batch_y = train_y[i*batch_size : (i+1)*batch_size]
				_, loss_ = sess.run([train_op, loss], feed_dict={X:batch_x, Y:batch_y, dropout_keep_prob:0.5})
				print(e, i, loss_)
			# 保存模型
			if e % 50 == 0:
				saver.save(sess, "name2sex.model", global_step=e)

train_neural_network()

# 使用训练的模型
def detect_sex(name_list):
	x = []
	for name in name_list:
		name_vec = []
		for word in name:
			name_vec.append(vocab.get(word))
		while len(name_vec) < max_name_length:
			name_vec.append(0)
		x.append(name_vec)

	output = neural_network(len(vocabulary_list))

	saver = tf.train.Saver(tf.global_variables())
	with tf.Session() as sess:
		# 恢复前一次训练
		ckpt = tf.train.get_checkpoint_state('.')
		if ckpt != None:
			print(ckpt.model_checkpoint_path)
			saver.restore(sess, ckpt.model_checkpoint_path)
		else:
			print("没找到模型")

		predictions = tf.argmax(output, 1)
		res = sess.run(predictions, {X:x, dropout_keep_prob:1.0})

		i = 0
		for name in name_list:
			print(name, '女' if res[i] == 0 else '男')
			i += 1

detect_sex(["白富美", "高帅富", "王婷婷", "田野"])

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import tensorflow as tf

import numpy as np

name_dataset = 'name.csv'

train_x = []

train_y = []

with open(name_dataset, 'r') as f:

first_line = True

for line in f:

if first_line is True:

first_line = False

continue

sample = line.strip().split(',')

if len(sample) == 2:

train_x.append(sample[0])

if sample[1] == '男':

train_y.append([0, 1]) # 男

else:

train_y.append([1, 0]) # 女

max_name_length = max([len(name) for name in train_x])

print("最长名字的字符数: ", max_name_length)

max_name_length = 8

# 数据已shuffle

#shuffle_indices = np.random.permutation(np.arange(len(train_y)))

#train_x = train_x[shuffle_indices]

#train_y = train_y[shuffle_indices]

# 词汇表（参看聊天机器人练习）

counter = 0

vocabulary = {}

for name in train_x:

counter += 1

tokens = [word for word in name]

for word in tokens:

if word in vocabulary:

vocabulary[word] += 1

else:

vocabulary[word] = 1

vocabulary_list = [' '] + sorted(vocabulary, key=vocabulary.get, reverse=True)

print(len(vocabulary_list))

# 字符串转为向量形式

vocab = dict([(x, y) for (y, x) in enumerate(vocabulary_list)])

train_x_vec = []

for name in train_x:

name_vec = []

for word in name:

name_vec.append(vocab.get(word))

while len(name_vec) < max_name_length:

name_vec.append(0)

train_x_vec.append(name_vec)

#######################################################

input_size = max_name_length

num_classes = 2

batch_size = 64

num_batch = len(train_x_vec) // batch_size

X = tf.placeholder(tf.int32, [None, input_size])

Y = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, num_classes])

dropout_keep_prob = tf.placeholder(tf.float32)

def neural_network(vocabulary_size, embedding_size=128, num_filters=128):

# embedding layer

with tf.device('/cpu:0'), tf.name_scope("embedding"):

W = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([vocabulary_size, embedding_size], -1.0, 1.0))

embedded_chars = tf.nn.embedding_lookup(W, X)

embedded_chars_expanded = tf.expand_dims(embedded_chars, -1)

# convolution + maxpool layer

filter_sizes = [3,4,5]

pooled_outputs = []

for i, filter_size in enumerate(filter_sizes):

with tf.name_scope("conv-maxpool-%s" % filter_size):

filter_shape = [filter_size, embedding_size, 1, num_filters]

W = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal(filter_shape, stddev=0.1))

b = tf.Variable(tf.constant(0.1, shape=[num_filters]))

conv = tf.nn.conv2d(embedded_chars_expanded, W, strides=[1, 1, 1, 1], padding="VALID")

h = tf.nn.relu(tf.nn.bias_add(conv, b))

pooled = tf.nn.max_pool(h, ksize=[1, input_size - filter_size + 1, 1, 1], strides=[1, 1, 1, 1], padding='VALID')

pooled_outputs.append(pooled)

num_filters_total = num_filters * len(filter_sizes)

h_pool = tf.concat(3, pooled_outputs)

h_pool_flat = tf.reshape(h_pool, [-1, num_filters_total])

# dropout

with tf.name_scope("dropout"):

h_drop = tf.nn.dropout(h_pool_flat, dropout_keep_prob)

# output

with tf.name_scope("output"):

W = tf.get_variable("W", shape=[num_filters_total, num_classes], initializer=tf.contrib.layers.xavier_initializer())

b = tf.Variable(tf.constant(0.1, shape=[num_classes]))

output = tf.nn.xw_plus_b(h_drop, W, b)

return output

# 训练

def train_neural_network():

output = neural_network(len(vocabulary_list))

optimizer = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(1e-3)

loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(output, Y))

grads_and_vars = optimizer.compute_gradients(loss)

train_op = optimizer.apply_gradients(grads_and_vars)

saver = tf.train.Saver(tf.global_variables())

with tf.Session() as sess:

sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())

for e in range(201):

for i in range(num_batch):

batch_x = train_x_vec[i*batch_size : (i+1)*batch_size]

batch_y = train_y[i*batch_size : (i+1)*batch_size]

_, loss_ = sess.run([train_op, loss], feed_dict={X:batch_x, Y:batch_y, dropout_keep_prob:0.5})

print(e, i, loss_)

# 保存模型

if e % 50 == 0:

saver.save(sess, "name2sex.model", global_step=e)

train_neural_network()

# 使用训练的模型

def detect_sex(name_list):

x = []

for name in name_list:

name_vec = []

for word in name:

name_vec.append(vocab.get(word))

while len(name_vec) < max_name_length:

name_vec.append(0)

x.append(name_vec)

output = neural_network(len(vocabulary_list))

saver = tf.train.Saver(tf.global_variables())

with tf.Session() as sess:

# 恢复前一次训练

ckpt = tf.train.get_checkpoint_state('.')

if ckpt != None:

print(ckpt.model_checkpoint_path)

saver.restore(sess, ckpt.model_checkpoint_path)

else:

print("没找到模型")

predictions = tf.argmax(output, 1)

res = sess.run(predictions, {X:x, dropout_keep_prob:1.0})

i = 0

for name in name_list:

print(name, '女' if res[i] == 0 else '男')

i += 1

detect_sex(["白富美", "高帅富", "王婷婷", "田野"])

执行结果：

TensorFlow练习18: 根据姓名判断性别

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