TensorFlow练习18: 根据姓名判断性别

本帖训练一个可以根据姓名判断性别的CNN模型；我使用自己爬取的35万中文姓名进行训练。

使用同样的数据集还可以训练起名字模型，参看：

准备姓名数据集

我上网找了一下，并没有找到现成的中文姓名数据集，额，看来只能自己动手了。

我写了一个简单的Python脚本，爬取了上万中文姓名，格式整理如下：

姓名,性别
安镶怡,女
饶黎明,男
段焙曦,男
苗芯萌,男
覃慧藐,女
芦玥微,女
苏佳琬,女
王旎溪,女
彭琛朗,男
李昊,男
利欣怡,女
# 貌似有很多名字男女通用

姓名,性别

安镶怡,女

饶黎明,男

段焙曦,男

苗芯萌,男

覃慧藐,女

芦玥微,女

苏佳琬,女

王旎溪,女

彭琛朗,男

李昊,男

利欣怡,女

# 貌似有很多名字男女通用

如果你需要这个数据集，可以使用邮件或微信联系我。

训练模型

import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np

name_dataset = 'name.csv'

train_x = []
train_y = []
with open(name_dataset, 'r') as f:
	first_line = True
	for line in f:
		if first_line is True:
			first_line = False
			continue
		sample = line.strip().split(',')
		if len(sample) == 2:
			train_x.append(sample[0])
			if sample[1] == '男':
				train_y.append([0, 1])  # 男
			else:
				train_y.append([1, 0])  # 女

max_name_length = max([len(name) for name in train_x])
print("最长名字的字符数: ", max_name_length)
max_name_length = 8

# 数据已shuffle
#shuffle_indices = np.random.permutation(np.arange(len(train_y)))
#train_x = train_x[shuffle_indices]
#train_y = train_y[shuffle_indices]

# 词汇表（参看聊天机器人练习）
counter = 0
vocabulary = {}
for name in train_x:
	counter += 1
	tokens = [word for word in name]
	for word in tokens:
		if word in vocabulary:
			vocabulary[word] += 1
		else:
			vocabulary[word] = 1

vocabulary_list = [' '] + sorted(vocabulary, key=vocabulary.get, reverse=True)
print(len(vocabulary_list))

# 字符串转为向量形式
vocab = dict([(x, y) for (y, x) in enumerate(vocabulary_list)])
train_x_vec = []
for name in train_x:
	name_vec = []
	for word in name:
		name_vec.append(vocab.get(word))
	while len(name_vec) < max_name_length:
		name_vec.append(0)
	train_x_vec.append(name_vec)

#######################################################

input_size = max_name_length
num_classes = 2

batch_size = 64
num_batch = len(train_x_vec) // batch_size

X = tf.placeholder(tf.int32, [None, input_size])
Y = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, num_classes])

dropout_keep_prob = tf.placeholder(tf.float32)

def neural_network(vocabulary_size, embedding_size=128, num_filters=128):
	# embedding layer
	with tf.device('/cpu:0'), tf.name_scope("embedding"):
		W = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([vocabulary_size, embedding_size], -1.0, 1.0))
		embedded_chars = tf.nn.embedding_lookup(W, X)
		embedded_chars_expanded = tf.expand_dims(embedded_chars, -1)
	# convolution + maxpool layer
	filter_sizes = [3,4,5]
	pooled_outputs = []
	for i, filter_size in enumerate(filter_sizes):
		with tf.name_scope("conv-maxpool-%s" % filter_size):
			filter_shape = [filter_size, embedding_size, 1, num_filters]
			W = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal(filter_shape, stddev=0.1))
			b = tf.Variable(tf.constant(0.1, shape=[num_filters]))
			conv = tf.nn.conv2d(embedded_chars_expanded, W, strides=[1, 1, 1, 1], padding="VALID")
			h = tf.nn.relu(tf.nn.bias_add(conv, b))
			pooled = tf.nn.max_pool(h, ksize=[1, input_size - filter_size + 1, 1, 1], strides=[1, 1, 1, 1], padding='VALID')
			pooled_outputs.append(pooled)

	num_filters_total = num_filters * len(filter_sizes)
	h_pool = tf.concat(3, pooled_outputs)
	h_pool_flat = tf.reshape(h_pool, [-1, num_filters_total])
	# dropout
	with tf.name_scope("dropout"):
		h_drop = tf.nn.dropout(h_pool_flat, dropout_keep_prob)
	# output
	with tf.name_scope("output"):
		W = tf.get_variable("W", shape=[num_filters_total, num_classes], initializer=tf.contrib.layers.xavier_initializer())
		b = tf.Variable(tf.constant(0.1, shape=[num_classes]))
		output = tf.nn.xw_plus_b(h_drop, W, b)
		
	return output
# 训练
def train_neural_network():
	output = neural_network(len(vocabulary_list))

	optimizer = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(1e-3)
	loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(output, Y))
	grads_and_vars = optimizer.compute_gradients(loss)
	train_op = optimizer.apply_gradients(grads_and_vars)

	saver = tf.train.Saver(tf.global_variables())
	with tf.Session() as sess:
		sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())

		for e in range(201):
			for i in range(num_batch):
				batch_x = train_x_vec[i*batch_size : (i+1)*batch_size]
				batch_y = train_y[i*batch_size : (i+1)*batch_size]
				_, loss_ = sess.run([train_op, loss], feed_dict={X:batch_x, Y:batch_y, dropout_keep_prob:0.5})
				print(e, i, loss_)
			# 保存模型
			if e % 50 == 0:
				saver.save(sess, "name2sex.model", global_step=e)

train_neural_network()

# 使用训练的模型
def detect_sex(name_list):
	x = []
	for name in name_list:
		name_vec = []
		for word in name:
			name_vec.append(vocab.get(word))
		while len(name_vec) < max_name_length:
			name_vec.append(0)
		x.append(name_vec)

	output = neural_network(len(vocabulary_list))

	saver = tf.train.Saver(tf.global_variables())
	with tf.Session() as sess:
		# 恢复前一次训练
		ckpt = tf.train.get_checkpoint_state('.')
		if ckpt != None:
			print(ckpt.model_checkpoint_path)
			saver.restore(sess, ckpt.model_checkpoint_path)
		else:
			print("没找到模型")

		predictions = tf.argmax(output, 1)
		res = sess.run(predictions, {X:x, dropout_keep_prob:1.0})

		i = 0
		for name in name_list:
			print(name, '女' if res[i] == 0 else '男')
			i += 1

detect_sex(["白富美", "高帅富", "王婷婷", "田野"])

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

158

import tensorflow as tf

import numpy as np

name_dataset = 'name.csv'

train_x = []

train_y = []

with open(name_dataset, 'r') as f:

first_line = True

for line in f:

if first_line is True:

first_line = False

continue

sample = line.strip().split(',')

if len(sample) == 2:

train_x.append(sample[0])

if sample[1] == '男':

train_y.append([0, 1]) # 男

else:

train_y.append([1, 0]) # 女

max_name_length = max([len(name) for name in train_x])

print("最长名字的字符数: ", max_name_length)

max_name_length = 8

# 数据已shuffle

#shuffle_indices = np.random.permutation(np.arange(len(train_y)))

#train_x = train_x[shuffle_indices]

#train_y = train_y[shuffle_indices]

# 词汇表（参看聊天机器人练习）

counter = 0

vocabulary = {}

for name in train_x:

counter += 1

tokens = [word for word in name]

for word in tokens:

if word in vocabulary:

vocabulary[word] += 1

else:

vocabulary[word] = 1

vocabulary_list = [' '] + sorted(vocabulary, key=vocabulary.get, reverse=True)

print(len(vocabulary_list))

# 字符串转为向量形式

vocab = dict([(x, y) for (y, x) in enumerate(vocabulary_list)])

train_x_vec = []

for name in train_x:

name_vec = []

for word in name:

name_vec.append(vocab.get(word))

while len(name_vec) < max_name_length:

name_vec.append(0)

train_x_vec.append(name_vec)

#######################################################

input_size = max_name_length

num_classes = 2

batch_size = 64

num_batch = len(train_x_vec) // batch_size

X = tf.placeholder(tf.int32, [None, input_size])

Y = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, num_classes])

dropout_keep_prob = tf.placeholder(tf.float32)

def neural_network(vocabulary_size, embedding_size=128, num_filters=128):

# embedding layer

with tf.device('/cpu:0'), tf.name_scope("embedding"):

W = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([vocabulary_size, embedding_size], -1.0, 1.0))

embedded_chars = tf.nn.embedding_lookup(W, X)

embedded_chars_expanded = tf.expand_dims(embedded_chars, -1)

# convolution + maxpool layer

filter_sizes = [3,4,5]

pooled_outputs = []

for i, filter_size in enumerate(filter_sizes):

with tf.name_scope("conv-maxpool-%s" % filter_size):

filter_shape = [filter_size, embedding_size, 1, num_filters]

W = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal(filter_shape, stddev=0.1))

b = tf.Variable(tf.constant(0.1, shape=[num_filters]))

conv = tf.nn.conv2d(embedded_chars_expanded, W, strides=[1, 1, 1, 1], padding="VALID")

h = tf.nn.relu(tf.nn.bias_add(conv, b))

pooled = tf.nn.max_pool(h, ksize=[1, input_size - filter_size + 1, 1, 1], strides=[1, 1, 1, 1], padding='VALID')

pooled_outputs.append(pooled)

num_filters_total = num_filters * len(filter_sizes)

h_pool = tf.concat(3, pooled_outputs)

h_pool_flat = tf.reshape(h_pool, [-1, num_filters_total])

# dropout

with tf.name_scope("dropout"):

h_drop = tf.nn.dropout(h_pool_flat, dropout_keep_prob)

# output

with tf.name_scope("output"):

W = tf.get_variable("W", shape=[num_filters_total, num_classes], initializer=tf.contrib.layers.xavier_initializer())

b = tf.Variable(tf.constant(0.1, shape=[num_classes]))

output = tf.nn.xw_plus_b(h_drop, W, b)

return output

# 训练

def train_neural_network():

output = neural_network(len(vocabulary_list))

optimizer = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(1e-3)

loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(output, Y))

grads_and_vars = optimizer.compute_gradients(loss)

train_op = optimizer.apply_gradients(grads_and_vars)

saver = tf.train.Saver(tf.global_variables())

with tf.Session() as sess:

sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())

for e in range(201):

for i in range(num_batch):

batch_x = train_x_vec[i*batch_size : (i+1)*batch_size]

batch_y = train_y[i*batch_size : (i+1)*batch_size]

_, loss_ = sess.run([train_op, loss], feed_dict={X:batch_x, Y:batch_y, dropout_keep_prob:0.5})

print(e, i, loss_)

# 保存模型

if e % 50 == 0:

saver.save(sess, "name2sex.model", global_step=e)

train_neural_network()

# 使用训练的模型

def detect_sex(name_list):

x = []

for name in name_list:

name_vec = []

for word in name:

name_vec.append(vocab.get(word))

while len(name_vec) < max_name_length:

name_vec.append(0)

x.append(name_vec)

output = neural_network(len(vocabulary_list))

saver = tf.train.Saver(tf.global_variables())

with tf.Session() as sess:

# 恢复前一次训练

ckpt = tf.train.get_checkpoint_state('.')

if ckpt != None:

print(ckpt.model_checkpoint_path)

saver.restore(sess, ckpt.model_checkpoint_path)

else:

print("没找到模型")

predictions = tf.argmax(output, 1)

res = sess.run(predictions, {X:x, dropout_keep_prob:1.0})

i = 0

for name in name_list:

print(name, '女' if res[i] == 0 else '男')

i += 1

detect_sex(["白富美", "高帅富", "王婷婷", "田野"])

执行结果：

TensorFlow练习18: 根据姓名判断性别

服务器又该续费了，如果你要使用DigitalOcean VPS，欢迎使用网页底部的链接注册，你会免费获赠10刀。另外，感谢各位码友的支持。

如要转载，请保持本文完整，并注明作者@斗大的熊猫和本文原始地址： http://blog.topspeedsnail.com/archives/10833

使用Python实现神经网络

TensorFlow练习3: RNN, Recurrent Neural Networks

TensorFlow练习4: CNN, Convolutional Neural Networks...

TensorFlow练习5: 训练一个简单的游戏AI（Deep Q Network）...

TensorFlow练习6: 基于WiFi指纹的室内定位（autoencoder）...